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Alba Iulia, Alba Carolina Citadel

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46.07174 N – 23.57451 E

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Alba Iulia is the county seat of Alba County.

The main tourist attraction of the city is the bastionary fortification – the largest citadel in Romania, which has stood for more than 300 years. The citadel is a place where you can travel back in time, spanning two millennia, among the remnants of three fortifications from as many different eras. In other words, each citadel built here incorporated the previous one: the Roman castrum, the medieval fortress, and the Alba Carolina Citadel.

The last one was built in Alba Iulia at the beginning of the 18th century. The first design of the fortification was made by the Italian architect Giovanni Morando Visconti, who also led the first phase of the works. The architect died of the plague and rests in the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Alba Iulia.

The cornerstone of the citadel was laid on November 4, 1715. Broadly speaking, the completion year of the works is considered to be 1738, although various works continued in the following years.

The fortification, conceived on an area of 110 hectares, with an enclosure defended by three rows of walls, was given a star shape, with seven bastions alternated with six ravelins, crossed by vaulted galleries, all bordered by deep trenches.

The citadel built in the heart of Transylvania proved to be the most imposing Baroque monument of the province.

The imposing fortress was named Carlsburg after Emperor Charles VI, during whose time it was built.

More information can be found on: turism.apulum.ro și albaiuliaqr.ro